Waterfall - Pond Glossary of TermsPond Glossary of Terms:
*Aerobic- oxygen levels dissolved in water
*Algae- uni and multi cell microscopic size plants *Alluvial- sediments deposited by flowing water *Ambient temperature- temperature of a surrounding medium *Amphibious- can adapt to live in water or on land *Anaerobic- absence or extremely low dissolved oxygen levels in water, stagnant, a habitat for quite harmful bacteria Pond Glossary - *Anther- part of stamen that produces pollen within a flower *Annual- plant that germinates, lives for one season, seeds form next years plant *Anther- pollen bearing part of stamen *Arthropod- segmented exoskeletons, insects, spiders crustaceans *Aspect- relationship of a location to features which affect it. Position, orientation, light, elevation, amenities
*Bacteria- microscopic organisms combining animal and plant features *Barbel- touchy feely whiskers on the heads of fish *Bio load- the capacity of a habitat to support plants and critters
*Bio mass- weight of organisms per unit area or volume *Biological filter- Water passed through permeable medium where beneficial bacteria process toxic ammonia to less toxic nitrites and nitrates (plant nutrients) *Bivalve- two shells, mollusc body lives within *Blanketweed- filamentous algae 'string algae' spirogyra, 'pond scum' *Bog plant- prefers roots constantly moist but not saturated soil conditions *Bog garden- soil conditions constantly saturated or moist *Breaker unit- automatically interrupts power supply to faulty electrical circuit *Bulb- Usually under ground, a dormant plant from which shoots and roots develop *Calcareous- contains calcium carbonate (lime) *Carnivore- flesh eating *Changeable- waterlily blooms that vary in tone or colour from one day to another
*Chlorosis- nutrient, mineral or disease deficiency indicated by foliage turning yellow, fading City water- processed water supply. Often toxic to fish and aquatic plants *Clay- sedimentary deposits formed from accumulated decay in lakes, rich in minerals *Cordate- heart shaped, refers to leaf shape *Compost- decomposed remnants of plant and organic matter *Commensalism- animals that associate, share food without harming each other *Crenate- notched or scalloped edge, often to describe tropical waterlily lilypads *Crown- growing point on rhizome where roots, leaves and buds are formed *Crustacean- hard shelled, gill breathing arthropods eg shrimp, crabs, daphnia *Cubic foot- equals 6.428 gallons (imp), 28.137 litres, 62.32 lbs weight *Cultivar- a result of cross breeding, or a named natural hybrid *Cutting (clone) - root or stem section encouraged to form new plant *Deadhead - removing faded flowers before they form seed *Dentate- toothed edge. usually to describe leaf edges *Diurnal- occurring during daylight *Division- Separating plants so each has roots and shoots in good growing condition *Dormant- inactive phase through cold, heat or drought, e.g. seed, tuber, corm, rhisome, hibernation *DPC- damp proof course *Dystrophic- rich in accumulated peat, organic decomposition inhibited by lack of dissolved calcium and nutrients *Eutrophic- nutrient rich, high organic growth levels *Emerse, Emergent- foliage that rises above the water from submerged rooted plants 
*Equinox- two times a year when night and day are of equal length
*Establish- to encourage plants to root in to a new position
*Fasciation- abnormal cellular development, unusual distortion of shape Pond Glossary - *Filamentous- thread, strand, hair like *Filament- slender stalk that supports anthers, part of stamen *Floater- plant that lives and grows free floating on the surface of water, foliage may rise above, roots counter balance the foliage *Gallon- Unit measurement of volume, equal to 231 cubic inches, four quarts, 3.785 litres (US) 8.3 lbs weight (British 277.274 cubic inches, 4.546 litres) *Gastropod- molluscs such as snails *Genus- closely related species, similar characteristics *Glaucous- surface coatings that rub off, usually a whitish bloom
*Ground cover- low growing shrubs, dense foliage, barrier for weeds and drifting leaves *Habitat- environment in which an organism exists (or not if you overload it) *Half hardy- copes with cool temperatures, protect from freezing *Hardiness- tolerance range for coping with temperature extremes *Hardy- perennial plant, copes with freezing winters one way or another in temperate or cold climates *Heat sensitive- limited ability to cope with specific heat range *Herbaceous- perennial plants that are not woody, top foliage that dies in Winter *Herbivore- eats plants *Humus- result of composting, decomposed organic matter *Hybrid- plant derived from cross breeding two different species *Imago- final adult phase of an insect Pond Glossary -
*Imp., Imperial- established standard unit of weight or mass *Internode- the plant section that joins between two nodes or joints *Invertebrate- animals without a backbone *Lacustrine- of lakes *Indigenous- native species to the area, region *Invasive- spreads aggressively, by seed or vegetative growth *Lanceolate- like a lance, narrows to a point, more length than width, could have rounded or pointed tips *Lateral line- sensory organs on fish sides which are sensitive
to
vibration
*Loam- fertile soil with a high proportion of well decomposed organic matter, sand, silt and clay Pond Glossary - *Marginal- plants that have roots fully immersed with foliage at or above the surface. The shallow area of a pond *Marliac- name of a significant plant hybridiser who introduced a particular type of free flowering waterlily rhisome *Mesotrophic- intermediate zone between eutrophic and oligotrophic conditions *Metric- *Morphology- the study of form and structure of living organisms *Mucus- slimey coating, usually a bacteria resistant barrier *Mulm- decomposed organic material that settles in ponds. With time and pressure, forms mineral rich sedimentary clay *Mutant- characteristics vary significantly from the parent plants
*Native- originated at a specific location, region, country or continent *Naturalise- allowed to grow as it would in the wild Nelumbo- lotus genus *Niche- particular habitat, location, aspect, conditions that a species prefers *Nocturnal- night time activity *Nuphar- waterlily genus *Nymphaea- waterlily genus *Odorata- a slender fast spreading waterlily rhisome type, many native American and cross bred varieties Offset- small new plant formed next or close to parent bulb or tuber e.g. tropical water lily *Oligotrophic- water low in nutrients, low organic production *Omnivore- eats both flesh and plants *Overwinter- an arrangement to ensure survival through freezing conditions *Palmate - leaf shape resembling a hand *Palustrine- of bogs, marshes and swamps *Parasite- relationship between species where the parasite benefits from the other species 'host'
*Peat- partially decayed plant remains, high in organic matter, low in nutrients, acidic ph *Peltate- leaf shape, shield shaped *Perennial- plants that continue growing year after year *Pergola- (arbour) Attractive trellis structure for climbing plants creating a shady spot *Petiole- Leaf stalk *pH- 14 point scale, Measuring levels of acid or alkaline balance in water, with 0 to 7 called 'soft', 7 being called 'neutral', 7-14 called 'hard' *Phosphate- Major plant nutrient, readily absorbed. Can burn roots, promote algae if overdone *Phytofiltration- using plants to extract surplus nitrate fertility from water *Pier- bridge or jetty column support *ppm- abbreviation, parts per million *pp- abbreviation for Potassium Permanganate, chemical used for disinfecting plants and pests *Protozoa- microscopic single celled organism with plant and animal features *Potash- soluble compounds containing potassium, used in fertilizer. Can burn roots, promote algae if overdone *Puddling- making clay pond sides watertight by pounding, trampling *Pupae- intermediary phase of insect metamorphosis e.g. cocoon *Quadrat- frame within which organisms and plants are sampled *Rhizome- (rhisome) tree like stem that forms under water or along the bottom of the pond, from which roots go down and leaves and buds float up as it develops *Rootstock- bare root rhizome from which roots and shoots develop
*Salinity- amount of salt in water, parts per thousand
*Saturation- solution which has maximum dissolved compounds
*Scarify- cutting or filing through a hard seed case to encourage a seed to start e.g. lotus pond glossary -
*Scarecrow- Predator deterrent, may be a water spray connected to infra red detector *Self seed- plant that readily drops seed, invasive *Shishi odoshi- bamboo contraption to scare deer *Shuttering- temporary wood structure to support wet concrete as it sets *Siphon- tube between two different levels, drawing water from the higher level pond glossary - *Spathe- large leaf like part that encloses a cluster of berry forming flowers
*Species- same constant distinctive character, resemble and breed together *Specimen plant- a prominent bold planting intended to be a focal point *Spore- reproduction, by minuscule unicellular tough seed of plants, protozoa, bacteria Stamen- male reproductive parts of a flower, anthers and filaments *Stellate- star shaped, often a reference to bloom shape *Stigma- female reproductive part of a flower, becomes sticky to attract pollen *Stolon- vegetative growth, a new plant forms at the end of a runner *Stratify- a set up for dormant seeds that prefer to germinate in cold conditions pond glossary - *Submerse- plant foliage, roots entirely under water *Sump- the lowest point to which water flows, a drain, reservoir, pit *Symbiosis- beneficial relationship between two species e.g. bees, flowers *Tadpole- young aquatic stage of newts, salamanders, frogs, toads *Tender- dies, withers when frozen, not tolerant of freezing *Thermocline- a rapid temperature change between two water depths *Trifoliate- leaves formed in groups of three *Tropical- frost free climate with high temperature and humidity
typically 75°f to 90°f daily
*Tuberosa- slender waterlily rhisome type which easily breaksapart. Pond Glossary - *Turion- a bud formed along underwater roots, which survives
*WinterTurbidity- degree of water cloudiness due to matter insuspension *Twirl and hurl- winding blanketweed onto a stick for removal pond glossary - *Umbel- clusters of flowers on stems that join to a main stem *UV light- ultra violet light, used to kill free floating algae *Variegation- plant foliage that has noticeably more than onecolour orcolour tone *Variant- displaying differences to the species *Venturi- A short tube with a constricted throat used for oxygenation pond glossary - *Vegetative- making identical new plants from bulbs, tubers,roots,stems or leaves *Viviparous- plant reproduction, new plant forms attached to theparentplant *Volume- calculated by measuring length x width x depth =cubicfeet x6.42 US gallons. Circular pond: depth x square of the diameter x5.88gal (US) *Waterlily- Distinctive specimen plant of water gardens, ninegenera:Barclaya, Brasenia, Cabomba, Euryale, Nelumbo, Nuphar, Nymphaea,Ondinea, Victoria pond glossary - *Water meadow- Low lying, often flooded ground, diverse wildnativeplants and flowers Pond Glossary - *Weir- A dam across stream or river to raise the water levelupstream *Zone- distinctive habitat, part of water garden- deep water,watermargin, bog, stream, water meadow, moisture garden *Zooplankton- animals occuring in the water that are often microscopic in size. Important natural algea filtering species.
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